1845: Union Square Park
Sarah Fairchild’s painting, “Union Park, New York,” offers a captivating glimpse into the early history of American landscape design and the role of public parks in 19th-century urban life. Union Park (currently known as Union Square), located in New York City, was a popular gathering place for people of all ages and social classes, providing a much-needed respite from the hustle and bustle of city life.
Fairchild’s watercolor, gouache, and pen painting captures the essence of Union Park, with its lush lawns, fine trees, shady walks, and beautiful shrubs and flowers. The central fountain, a common feature in many city parks, is prominently displayed, serving as a focal point for the composition. The painting also highlights the park’s broad walks and the variety of trees and shrubs that provide a sense of tranquility and beauty in the midst of the city’s chaos.
During the 1840s, the concept of public parks began to gain traction in American cities, as a means of providing clean water, fresh air, and green spaces for urban dwellers. Union Park, along with other early American public parks, such as Bowling Green and Battery Park, played a significant role in this movement. These parks not only offered a place for relaxation and recreation but also served as a gathering place for families and friends, fostering a sense of community and social interaction.